gh-158445: Allocate memory in the heap in Py_GetVersion()

[vstinner]

Py_GetVersion() now allocates memory on the heap, instead of using a static buffer, to no longer truncate the version if it's longer than 299 bytes.

Update Py_GetCompiler() and Py_GetBuildInfo() tests: they are now always a part of sys.version.

• Issue: C API: Detect invalid UCS4 characters in debug mode #158445

[read-the-docs-community]

Documentation build overview

📚 cpython-previews | 🛠️ Build #34907310 | 📁 Comparing ef0a101 against main (be87a85)

  🔍 Preview build  

2 files changed

± c-api/interp-lifecycle.html
± whatsnew/changelog.html

[vstinner]

On my Fedora 44, __clang_version__ is short: 22.1.8 (Fedora 22.1.8-4.fc44). But in issue gh-157368, way longer version has been seen: 22.1.3 (https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project e9846648fd6183ee6d8cbdb4502213fcf902a211). On Windows, PC/pyconfig.h no longer uses __clang_version__. But we may such long clang version on other platforms.