A simple Unix shell built from scratch in C, replicating the core behavior of bash: parsing, expansion, pipes, redirections, job execution and signal handling — with no use of a shell-parsing library.
42 School project — final grade 125 / 100.
Parsing & execution
- Command parsing into an abstract syntax tree (pipelines, subshells, logical operators)
- Pipes (
|) - Subshells (
( ... )) - Logical operators (
&&,||) - Redirections:
<,>,>>, and heredoc<< - Environment variable expansion (
$VAR,$?) and single/double quote handling - Filename wildcard expansion (
*) - Correct exit-status propagation (
$?)
Builtins
cd,echo,env,exit,export,pwd,unset
Signals
Ctrl-C,Ctrl-DandCtrl-\behave like inbash, both at the prompt and while a command or heredoc is running
make # build minishell
make bonus # build minishell_bonus
make clean # remove object files
make fclean # remove object files and binaries
make re # rebuild from scratchThe binary links against readline and statically builds an in-house libft.
./minishellminishell$ echo "Hello, World!" | cat -e
Hello, World!$
minishell$ ls *.c | wc -l
34
minishell$ (echo a && echo b) | grep b
b
The codebase is organized by feature: every module keeps its .c files and its own header side by side (core.h, parse.h, exec.h…).
srcs/
├── builtins/ shell builtins (cd, echo, env, exit, export, pwd, unset)
├── core/ entry point, shell lifecycle, cleanup, error reporting
├── env/ environment list management
├── exec/ command / pipeline / subshell execution, redirections
├── expand/ variable expansion, quote removal, wildcard expansion
├── parse/ tokenizer, AST builder, heredoc handling
└── signal/ signal handlers
libft/ in-house standard library replacement
Dependency tracking is handled with -MMD -MP, so only the object files that actually depend on a changed header are rebuilt. The whole codebase is 42 Norm compliant.
- davsam97
- wiwu