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perf: deserialize CbTx bestCLSignature lazily and avoid verifying of duplicated chainlocks - #7935

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@knst knst commented Oct 22, 2026 •

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Issue being fixed or feature implemented

Every parse of a CbTx special tx's playload after v20+ activation coinbase payload decompressed the chainlock signature's G2 point, ran the subgroup check and recompressed it for the malleability check, and the payload is parsed three to four times per connected block (CheckBlock, IsBlockMutated, special tx processing, the credit pool's read of the previous block).
Only CheckCbTxBestChainlock and the chainlock handler use the signature. It consumes on mainnet during IBD 10-15% of CPU.
Moreover, if chainlock had not been updated and the exactly same chainlock in the next block, it will be re-validated again.

What was done?

  • Keep the bytes and decode chainlock from CbTx on the first use. The payload parser rejected bytes that do not decode to a valid signature.
  • do not re-verify a coinbase chainlock carried over from the previous block

How Has This Been Tested?

Invalidated & reconsidered 10k blocks close to tip.

Step develop PR
CheckCbTxBestChainlock: 17.01s 14.32s
ProcessSpecialTxsInBlock 58.56s (6.20ms/blk) 54.05s (5.73ms/blk)
Connect total 67.66s (7.17ms/blk) 62.31s (6.60ms/blk)
Connect block 70.26s (7.44ms/blk) 64.88s (6.87ms/blk)

It should give ~8% of faster block validations since v20 activation.

Breaking Changes

N/A

Checklist:

  • I have performed a self-review of my own code
  • I have made corresponding changes to the documentation
  • I have assigned this pull request to a milestone (for repository code-owners and collaborators only)

@knst knst added this to the 24.1 milestone Oct 22, 2026
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📝 Code Review ✅ Completed 2026-10-26T08:13:30.515535Z 78c28ed New commits
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Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 44c111f and 78c28ed.

Files selected for processing: 1
  • src/evo/cbtx.cpp

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Walkthrough

Coinbase transactions now store the best ChainLock signature as a lazy BLS signature. Payload validation checks the serialized signature in the active scheme and then the legacy scheme, and reports bad-cbtx-payload if neither decodes. ChainLock processing extracts the contained signature. Best ChainLock validation can reuse a matching locally verified signature carried from the previous block when the height difference increases by one. Signature creation and tests use scheme-aware lazy signature operations. Regtest parameters assert that V20 activation is not earlier than V19, and the functional test delays V20 and masternode recovery.

Priority: Normal

Estimated code review effort: 3 (Moderate) | ~20 minutes

Sequence Diagram(s)

sequenceDiagram
  participant CheckCbTxBestChainlock
  participant VerifyChainLock
  CheckCbTxBestChainlock->>CheckCbTxBestChainlock: Check prior locally verified signature and height
  alt Matching signature and height difference increased by one
    CheckCbTxBestChainlock->>CheckCbTxBestChainlock: Cache current block as locally verified
  else Verification required
    CheckCbTxBestChainlock->>VerifyChainLock: Verify ChainLock signature
    VerifyChainLock-->>CheckCbTxBestChainlock: Return verification result
    CheckCbTxBestChainlock->>CheckCbTxBestChainlock: Cache successful verification
  end
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Merge Risk: Low · up to 78c28

A reused malformed coinbase can validate differently on a later attempt, but the inspected production paths do not reuse rejected payloads.

Pre-merge checks: Passed 4 · Failed 1

Failed Failed checks: 1 warning

Check name Status Explanation Resolution
Docstring Coverage Warning Docstring coverage is 6.67% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 15 functions across 10 files. Write docstrings for the functions missing them to satisfy the coverage threshold.
Passed Passed checks: 4 passed
Check name Status Explanation
Description check Passed The description clearly explains the lazy deserialization change, duplicate chainlock verification avoidance, performance impact, and testing performed.
Title check Passed The title accurately and concisely summarizes lazy CbTx bestCLSignature deserialization and avoiding duplicate chainlock verification.
Linked Issues check Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
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Actionable comments posted: 1


  • 🪄 Fix comments: Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
🤖 Prompt to fix review comments
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @src/evo/cbtx.cpp:
- Line 68: Update CheckCbTx’s bestCLSignature validation to decode a copy or
otherwise preserve the original serialized bytes when decoding fails, so
repeated checks of the same malformed CCbTx remain rejected. Add a test that
calls CheckCbTx twice on the same malformed payload and verifies both calls
reject it.

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📒 Files selected for processing: 8
  • src/chainlock/handler.cpp
  • src/evo/cbtx.cpp
  • src/evo/cbtx.h
  • src/evo/specialtxman.cpp
  • src/node/miner.cpp
  • src/test/evo_cbtx_tests.cpp
  • src/test/llmq_chainlock_tests.cpp
  • src/test/quorum_proofs_tests.cpp

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Comment thread src/evo/cbtx.cpp Outdated
@thepastaclaw

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✅ Final review complete — no blockers (commit 78c28ed) · triage: critical

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Reviewed commit: cd53920356

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Comment thread src/evo/cbtx.cpp Outdated
Comment on lines +67 to +68
if (cbTx.nVersion >= CCbTx::Version::CLSIG_AND_BALANCE && !IsNullSignature(cbTx.bestCLSignature) &&
!cbTx.bestCLSignature.Get().IsValid()) {

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P1 Badge Preserve opposite-scheme null handling

When the previous coinbase has no ChainLock (in particular at the first V20 block), a canonical signature encoded in the opposite BLS scheme with bestCLHeightDiff == 0 was accepted as null: the old CBLSSignature::Unserialize retries the opposite scheme and Reset()s the object on success (src/bls/bls.h:190-200), after which CheckCbTxBestChainlock permits the zero diff. The lazy wrapper only tries the active scheme, so this new nonzero/invalid test instead returns bad-cbtx-payload, making an unactivated consensus tightening; preserve the old opposite-scheme-to-null result while deferring decode.

AGENTS.md reference: AGENTS.md:L15-L17

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The wrapper being null after a failed decode is deliberate: it mirrors what the eager parser's Reset() did, and CheckCbTxBestChainlock relies on that null. A second check on the same object cannot happen: CheckSpecialTxInner and ProcessSpecialTxsInBlock parse the payload into a local right before the call, so a repeated check re-parses the transaction bytes and rejects again. Decoding a copy would decode every valid signature twice, which is the cost this PR removes.

Comment thread src/evo/specialtxman.cpp
Comment on lines +219 to +221
if (prev_verified_here && prevBlockCoinbaseChainlock.has_value() &&
cbTx.bestCLHeightDiff == prevBlockCoinbaseChainlock->second + 1 &&
cbtx_sig == prevBlockCoinbaseChainlock->first) {

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P1 Badge Bind the carry-over cache to the BLS scheme

When V20 is activated before V19—the supported regtest layout in feature_protx_version.py (v20@100, v19@200)—the cached block H-1 signature may have been verified under legacy BLS before the global scheme flips to basic. A child can carry the same point re-encoded in basic form with diff+1; this shortcut accepts it without verifying even though VerifyChainLock under basic would reject the legacy signature (and the prior code did reach that call when the local best differs), so fresh old and new nodes can disagree on the block. Store the verification scheme in the cache and require it to match before taking this shortcut.

AGENTS.md reference: AGENTS.md:L15-L17

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Final validation — Phase 1 + Phase 2

Two consensus-preservation defects remain in the lazy decoder and carry-over verification shortcut, alongside a non-blocking validation-idempotency issue. This was a static review: current builds, lint, and the other test jobs pass, while linux64_sqlite-test fails at feature_governance.py:312 with 24 votes instead of 25; that failure does not establish a regression in these changes.

🔴 2 blocking | 🟡 1 suggestion(s)

Review provenance

Source: reviewer 1: muse-spark-1.3-contributor (agent: phase1-reviewer, role: general); reviewer 2: gpt-6.1-sol (agent: phase2-reviewer, role: general); reviewer 3: gpt-6.1-sol (agent: phase2-reviewer, role: dash-core-commit-history); final verifier: gpt-6.1-sol (agent: sol-verifier, role: final-verifier)

  • Triage: normal by gpt-6.1-sol (effort low) — The diff changes consensus-sensitive signature parsing and verification in CheckCbTx and CheckCbTxBestChainlock, but its narrowly scoped lazy decoding and cache-based verification shortcut do not meet the large-or-intricate threshold for critical.
  • Phase 1 reviewers: muse-spark-1.3-contributor — general (completed, effort xhigh); agent phase1-reviewer
  • Phase 1 model: muse-spark-1.3-contributor — not quota-gated; passed over gemini-3.8-flash-high (antigravity quota lookup failed), glm-5.3-flash (not used above high effort; tier asks max)
  • Fresh verifier: gpt-6.1-sol — final-verifier; agent sol-verifier
  • Phase 2 reviewers: gpt-6.1-sol — general (completed, effort high); agent phase2-reviewer, gpt-6.1-sol — dash-core-commit-history (completed, effort high); agent phase2-reviewer
🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
These findings are from an automated code review. Verify each finding against the current code and only fix it if needed.

In `src/evo/cbtx.cpp`:
- [BLOCKING] src/evo/cbtx.cpp:67-69: Preserve opposite-scheme-to-null decoding semantics
  The base payload decoder accepts some nonzero encodings that this check rejects. CBLSSignature::Unserialize retries the opposite BLS scheme when the active-scheme malleability check fails; if that retry succeeds, it resets the decoded signature to null without rejecting the payload (src/bls/bls.h:190–200). CBLSLazyWrapper::Get only attempts its stored scheme, so those bytes now produce bad-cbtx-payload. When the preceding coinbase has no ChainLock—including the first V20 coinbase—CheckCbTxBestChainlock previously accepted that decoded null signature with bestCLHeightDiff == 0. An active-scheme guard does not prevent this difference: consensus validation must also preserve acceptance of deliberately constructed inputs, not only miner-generated payloads. Preserve the eager decoder's opposite-scheme-to-null behavior in the deferred path, including the null result seen by downstream validation, and add a regression case for this previously accepted payload.
- [SUGGESTION] src/evo/cbtx.cpp:63-69: Keep malformed signature bytes intact during validation
  Checking a malformed nonzero signature changes the CCbTx being checked, despite the const interface. CBLSLazyWrapper::Get clears bufValid when decoding or the malleability check fails without setting objInitialized (src/bls/bls.h:499–507). The next serialization therefore emits zero bytes, so a second CheckCbTx call on the same object treats the signature as null and returns true when the other fields pass. Current production callers parse fresh payloads and return immediately on the first rejection, so this is not an additional demonstrated block-acceptance bypass, but the new validator is observably non-idempotent. Decode a copy or preserve the original bytes and failed-decoding state, and extend the malformed-signature test to check the same object twice with fresh validation states.

In `src/evo/specialtxman.cpp`:
- [BLOCKING] src/evo/specialtxman.cpp:219-225: Bind carry-over verification reuse to the BLS scheme
  The parent pointer, signature point, and height offset do not establish that verification remains valid under the current BLS scheme. VerifyChainLock ultimately calls the default CBLSSignature::VerifyInsecure overload, which selects legacy or basic verification using bls::bls_legacy_scheme. Regtest permits V20 before V19, and feature_protx_version.py uses V19 at 200 with the framework's V20 height of 100. In that configuration, a parent can verify and cache a legacy signature before the scheme changes. Its child can contain the same G2 point canonically serialized in basic form with bestCLHeightDiff incremented by one. Point equality passes this shortcut, although full verification under basic rejects the legacy-generated signature. With no matching local best ChainLock, the base implementation reaches that full verification; the new implementation can instead accept or reject depending on whether its process-local parent cache is warm. Standard mainnet/testnet activation ordering avoids this particular transition, but it remains a validation inconsistency in a supported configuration. Store the verification scheme alongside the cached entry, require it to match before bypassing verification, and cover both warm-cache and cold-cache transition paths.

Comment thread src/evo/cbtx.cpp Outdated
Comment on lines +67 to +69
if (cbTx.nVersion >= CCbTx::Version::CLSIG_AND_BALANCE && !IsNullSignature(cbTx.bestCLSignature) &&
!cbTx.bestCLSignature.Get().IsValid()) {
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_CONSENSUS, "bad-cbtx-payload");

@thepastaclaw thepastaclaw Oct 22, 2026 •

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✅ Resolved at 78c28ede; see the replies below.

🔴 Blocking: Preserve opposite-scheme-to-null decoding semantics

The base payload decoder accepts some nonzero encodings that this check rejects. CBLSSignature::Unserialize retries the opposite BLS scheme when the active-scheme malleability check fails; if that retry succeeds, it resets the decoded signature to null without rejecting the payload (src/bls/bls.h:190–200). CBLSLazyWrapper::Get only attempts its stored scheme, so those bytes now produce bad-cbtx-payload. When the preceding coinbase has no ChainLock—including the first V20 coinbase—CheckCbTxBestChainlock previously accepted that decoded null signature with bestCLHeightDiff == 0. An active-scheme guard does not prevent this difference: consensus validation must also preserve acceptance of deliberately constructed inputs, not only miner-generated payloads. Preserve the eager decoder's opposite-scheme-to-null behavior in the deferred path, including the null result seen by downstream validation, and add a regression case for this previously accepted payload.

source: muse-spark-1.3-contributor (phase1-reviewer: general); gpt-6.1-sol (phase2-reviewer: general, dash-core-commit-history)

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The wrapper being null after a failed decode is deliberate: it mirrors what the eager parser's Reset() did, and CheckCbTxBestChainlock relies on that null. A second check on the same object cannot happen: CheckSpecialTxInner and ProcessSpecialTxsInBlock parse the payload into a local right before the call, so a repeated check re-parses the transaction bytes and rejects again. Decoding a copy would decode every valid signature twice, which is the cost this PR removes.

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The reset behavior itself is not the issue; the eager decoder reaches Reset() only after successfully decoding and accepting the bytes under the opposite scheme. CBLSLazyWrapper::Get() tries only bufLegacyScheme, so the same opposite-scheme encoding is treated as invalid and CheckCbTx rejects it before CheckCbTxBestChainlock can observe the null signature. This affects previously accepted consensus inputs, including a first V20 coinbase with bestCLHeightDiff == 0; the fallback can be limited to the failure path, so it need not decode valid current-scheme signatures twice.

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Resolved (re-reviewed at 78c28ede): CheckCbTx now captures the original serialized bytes before calling the lazy decoder and retries CBLSSignature's eager two-scheme decoder. This preserves the previous reset-to-null result for opposite-scheme encodings while still rejecting bytes that fail both schemes.

Comment thread src/evo/specialtxman.cpp
Comment on lines +219 to 225
if (prev_verified_here && prevBlockCoinbaseChainlock.has_value() &&
cbTx.bestCLHeightDiff == prevBlockCoinbaseChainlock->second + 1 &&
cbtx_sig == prevBlockCoinbaseChainlock->first) {
LOCK(cached_mutex);
cached_chainlock = std::make_pair(cbtx_sig, cbTx.bestCLHeightDiff);
cached_pindex = pindex;
return true;

@thepastaclaw thepastaclaw Oct 22, 2026 •

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✅ Resolved at 44c111f6; see the replies below.

🔴 Blocking: Bind carry-over verification reuse to the BLS scheme

The parent pointer, signature point, and height offset do not establish that verification remains valid under the current BLS scheme. VerifyChainLock ultimately calls the default CBLSSignature::VerifyInsecure overload, which selects legacy or basic verification using bls::bls_legacy_scheme. Regtest permits V20 before V19, and feature_protx_version.py uses V19 at 200 with the framework's V20 height of 100. In that configuration, a parent can verify and cache a legacy signature before the scheme changes. Its child can contain the same G2 point canonically serialized in basic form with bestCLHeightDiff incremented by one. Point equality passes this shortcut, although full verification under basic rejects the legacy-generated signature. With no matching local best ChainLock, the base implementation reaches that full verification; the new implementation can instead accept or reject depending on whether its process-local parent cache is warm. Standard mainnet/testnet activation ordering avoids this particular transition, but it remains a validation inconsistency in a supported configuration. Store the verification scheme alongside the cached entry, require it to match before bypassing verification, and cover both warm-cache and cold-cache transition paths.

source: muse-spark-1.3-contributor (phase1-reviewer: general); gpt-6.1-sol (phase2-reviewer: general, dash-core-commit-history)

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Resolved (re-reviewed at 44c111f6): This is addressed at the current head: cache entries now distinguish locally verified ChainLocks from values merely matched to the handler's best lock, and regtest requires V20Height >= V19Height. That prevents the carry-over shortcut from reusing a signature across the legacy-to-basic transition.

Comment thread src/evo/cbtx.cpp Outdated
Comment on lines +63 to +69
// The signature is deserialized lazily, so bytes that do not encode a valid
// signature are rejected here rather than by the payload parser. The null
// check must come first: a failed Get() discards the bytes, after which the
// wrapper serializes as null.
if (cbTx.nVersion >= CCbTx::Version::CLSIG_AND_BALANCE && !IsNullSignature(cbTx.bestCLSignature) &&
!cbTx.bestCLSignature.Get().IsValid()) {
return state.Invalid(TxValidationResult::TX_CONSENSUS, "bad-cbtx-payload");

@thepastaclaw thepastaclaw Oct 22, 2026 •

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✅ Withdrawn at 626b3b7b; see the replies below.

🟡 Suggestion: Keep malformed signature bytes intact during validation

Checking a malformed nonzero signature changes the CCbTx being checked, despite the const interface. CBLSLazyWrapper::Get clears bufValid when decoding or the malleability check fails without setting objInitialized (src/bls/bls.h:499–507). The next serialization therefore emits zero bytes, so a second CheckCbTx call on the same object treats the signature as null and returns true when the other fields pass. Current production callers parse fresh payloads and return immediately on the first rejection, so this is not an additional demonstrated block-acceptance bypass, but the new validator is observably non-idempotent. Decode a copy or preserve the original bytes and failed-decoding state, and extend the malformed-signature test to check the same object twice with fresh validation states.

source: muse-spark-1.3-contributor (phase1-reviewer: general)

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Withdrawn (re-reviewed at 626b3b7b): You are correct: both production call sites parse a fresh local payload and return immediately when validation rejects it. The repeated-check scenario does not apply to those paths, so preserving malformed bytes for that scenario is unnecessary.

@thepastaclaw thepastaclaw added the pastaclaw:changes-requested thepastaclaw's latest review requested changes label Oct 22, 2026
@knst
knst marked this pull request as draft October 22, 2026 15:33
@thepastaclaw thepastaclaw removed the pastaclaw:changes-requested thepastaclaw's latest review requested changes label Oct 22, 2026
@knst
knst marked this pull request as ready for review October 22, 2026 16:17
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Reviewed commit: 626b3b7bb9

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Comment thread src/evo/specialtxman.cpp Outdated
bool prev_verified_here{false};
if (LOCK(cached_mutex); cached_pindex == pindex->pprev) {
prevBlockCoinbaseChainlock = cached_chainlock;
prev_verified_here = true;

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P1 Badge Reuse only cache entries verified under the active scheme

When a crafted first V20 carrier is checked while GetBestChainLock() is still a pre-V19, legacy-verified lock (possible when V19/V20 activate at the same height or after a signing outage), the block can re-encode that point as basic and the existing best-clsig fast path caches it without calling VerifyChainLock. If a newer best lock arrives before the child carries the same signature, this assignment labels that cache hit as “verified here,” so the carry-over branch accepts the legacy signature in the basic era whereas the pre-change path reaches VerifyChainLock and rejects it. Fresh evidence beyond the earlier scheme-cache report is that the new V20Height >= V19Height guard still permits such pre-V19 cache sources without any post-V20 scheme flip. Track whether the cached entry was actually verified under the active scheme before enabling the shortcut.

AGENTS.md reference: AGENTS.md:L246-L247

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Re-review — Preliminary review — Phase 1 blocker gate

Static verification at head 626b3b7 confirms two consensus-affecting issues: deferred decoding rejects previously accepted opposite-scheme encodings, and the carry-over shortcut can trust a cache entry that was not verified under the active BLS scheme. The repeated-validation finding is withdrawn because production callers parse fresh payloads. Current GitHub checks pass, including the multiprocess test job that was pending in the supplied snapshot.

Validated blockers were found by the Phase-1 review and confirmed by a fresh verifier. Phase 2 is deferred until a fresh same-head revalidation clears the blocker gate.

🔴 2 blocking

2 carried-forward finding(s) already raised on this PR; not re-posting as new inline comments.

Review provenance

Source: reviewer 1: muse-spark-1.3-contributor (agent: phase1-reviewer, role: general); final verifier: gpt-6.1-sol (agent: sol-gate-verifier, role: verifier)

  • Triage: normal by gpt-6.1-sol (effort low) — The diff changes consensus-facing signature parsing in CheckCbTx and cached verification in CheckCbTxBestChainlock, but the changes are narrow rather than large or intricate enough to qualify as critical.
  • Phase 1 reviewers: muse-spark-1.3-contributor — general (completed, effort xhigh); agent phase1-reviewer
  • Phase 1 model: muse-spark-1.3-contributor — not quota-gated; passed over gemini-3.8-flash-high (antigravity quota lookup failed), glm-5.3-flash (not used above high effort; tier asks max)
  • Fresh verifier: gpt-6.1-sol — verifier; agent sol-gate-verifier
  • Phase 2 reviewers: not run (deferred by blocker gate)
🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
These findings are from an automated code review. Verify each finding against the current code and only fix it if needed.

In `src/evo/specialtxman.cpp`:
- [BLOCKING] src/evo/specialtxman.cpp:219-225: Bind carry-over verification reuse to the BLS scheme
  (existing thread: https://github.com/dashpay/dash/pull/7935#discussion_r4349004392)
  `prev_verified_here` only establishes that the parent matches `cached_pindex`; it does not establish that its signature passed `VerifyChainLock` under the active scheme. Both best-chainlock equality paths also populate this cache without verification, and signature equality compares the underlying point without recording its scheme. A retained pre-V19 best lock can therefore seed the cache when the first V20 carrier supplies that point encoded canonically as basic. If a newer best lock arrives before the child carries the old point with diff+1, the previous implementation reaches `VerifyChainLock` and rejects the legacy signature under basic, while this shortcut accepts it. `VerifyRecoveredSig` ultimately calls the global-scheme `VerifyInsecure`, so the distinction affects block acceptance. The new regtest V20>=V19 assertion prevents the original reversed-activation setup but still permits equal activation heights and does not clear a retained pre-V19 best lock. Track verification provenance and scheme, and only reuse an entry whose verification is valid under the current scheme.

In `src/evo/cbtx.cpp`:
- [BLOCKING] src/evo/cbtx.cpp:67-69: Preserve opposite-scheme-to-null decoding semantics
  (existing thread: https://github.com/dashpay/dash/pull/7935#discussion_r4349004381)
  The eager decoder accepted nonzero bytes canonical in the opposite BLS scheme: `CBLSSignature::Unserialize` retries that scheme after the active-scheme malleability check fails and resets the result to null when the retry succeeds. `CBLSLazyWrapper::Get` attempts only its stored scheme, so the new check rejects those same bytes with `bad-cbtx-payload`. If the previous coinbase has no ChainLock, including at the first V20 carrier, the old code accepts the decoded null with `bestCLHeightDiff == 0`. This is an unactivated consensus tightening. The wrapper becoming null after failure does not preserve acceptance because this invocation immediately returns an error; fresh parsing on the next call repeats that rejection. Preserve opposite-scheme-to-null decoding in the deferred path and the null value observed downstream. The opposite-scheme retry is needed only on decode failure, not for every valid signature.

@thepastaclaw thepastaclaw added the pastaclaw:changes-requested thepastaclaw's latest review requested changes label Oct 22, 2026
@thepastaclaw thepastaclaw removed the pastaclaw:changes-requested thepastaclaw's latest review requested changes label Oct 25, 2026

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Re-review — Final validation — Phase 1 + Phase 2

The lazy CbTx signature path introduces a consensus-compatibility regression: it rejects opposite-scheme encodings that the eager decoder converted to a null signature and that validation previously accepted when no prior coinbase ChainLock existed. The carry-over cache issue is fixed by the verified_here provenance flag and V20/V19 activation ordering; available build and lint checks pass, while Linux test jobs remain in progress.

🔴 1 blocking

1 carried-forward finding(s) already raised on this PR; not re-posting as new inline comments.

Review provenance

Source: reviewer 1: gpt-6.1-sol (agent: phase2-reviewer, role: general); reviewer 2: gpt-6.1-sol (agent: phase2-reviewer, role: dash-core-commit-history); reviewer 3: gpt-6-astra (agent: phase2-reviewer, role: general); reviewer 4: gpt-6-astra (agent: phase2-reviewer, role: dash-core-commit-history); reviewer 5: muse-spark-1.3-contributor (agent: phase1-reviewer, role: general); final verifier: gpt-6.1-sol (agent: sol-verifier, role: final-verifier)

  • Triage: critical by gpt-6.1-sol (effort low) — The diff is an intricate cross-cutting change to consensus-critical coinbase special-transaction parsing and chainlock signature validation in src/evo/cbtx.cpp and src/evo/specialtxman.cpp, including cryptographic verification and block acceptance behavior.
  • Phase 1 reviewers: muse-spark-1.3-contributor — general (completed, effort xhigh); agent phase1-reviewer
  • Phase 1 model: muse-spark-1.3-contributor — not quota-gated; passed over gemini-3.8-flash-high (antigravity quota lookup failed), glm-5.3-flash (not used above high effort; tier asks max)
  • Single stage: Phase 1 and Phase 2 reviewed this head side by side, with no blocker gate between them (triage tier)
  • Fresh verifier: gpt-6.1-sol — final-verifier; agent sol-verifier
  • Phase 2 reviewers: gpt-6.1-sol — general (completed, effort xhigh); agent phase2-reviewer, gpt-6.1-sol — dash-core-commit-history (completed, effort xhigh); agent phase2-reviewer, gpt-6-astra — general (completed, effort xhigh); agent phase2-reviewer, gpt-6-astra — dash-core-commit-history (completed, effort xhigh); agent phase2-reviewer
  • Model comparison: every Phase-2 reviewer also ran on gpt-6-astra; the verifier weighed both sets without knowing which model wrote which
🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
These findings are from an automated code review. Verify each finding against the current code and only fix it if needed.

In `src/evo/cbtx.cpp`:
- [BLOCKING] src/evo/cbtx.cpp:67-69: Preserve opposite-scheme-to-null decoding semantics
  (existing thread: https://github.com/dashpay/dash/pull/7935#discussion_r4349004381)
  The eager CBLSSignature::Unserialize implementation first tries the active BLS scheme, then retries the opposite scheme when the active-scheme malleability check fails. If the opposite attempt succeeds, it calls Reset(), so GetTxPayload<CCbTx> produces a null signature rather than rejecting the payload. The lazy CBLSLazyWrapper::Get() only tries bufLegacyScheme and returns an invalid object after clearing the wrapper state. Because CheckCbTx first observes the original bytes as non-null, it then rejects the payload as bad-cbtx-payload. This changes consensus behavior for a nonzero signature encoded canonically under the opposite scheme: when the previous coinbase has no non-null ChainLock and bestCLHeightDiff is zero, CheckCbTxBestChainlock previously accepted the resulting null signature, including during the initial V20 period. The V20Height >= V19Height invariant prevents a later scheme transition after V20 activation but does not preserve this existing opposite-scheme fallback behavior. The deferred path must reproduce the eager decoder's opposite-scheme retry and null/reset result, with a regression test covering an opposite-scheme encoding and no prior coinbase ChainLock.

@thepastaclaw thepastaclaw added the pastaclaw:changes-requested thepastaclaw's latest review requested changes label Oct 25, 2026
knst added 2 commits October 26, 2026 15:02
Every parse of a CbTx special tx's playload after v20+ activation coinbase payload decompressed the chainlock signature's G2 point, ran the subgroup check and recompressed it for the malleability check, and the payload is parsed three to four times per connected block (CheckBlock, IsBlockMutated, special tx processing, the credit pool's read of the previous block).
Only CheckCbTxBestChainlock and the chainlock handler use the signature. It consumes on mainnet during IBD 10-15% of CPU.

Keep the bytes and decode on first use. The payload parser rejected bytes that do not decode to a valid signature.
CheckCbTx now rejects them with the same reject reason.
One corner differs: bytes that only decode under the other BLS scheme were treated as a null signature and are now rejected too.
Both outcomes reject any block whose previous coinbase carried a chainlock, which is every mainnet block since the first one did.
A block with a malformed signature and a wrong asset unlock root is now reported as mutated by CheckMerkleRoot instead of as consensus-invalid by the payload parser; it is rejected either way.
…vious block

Verification by CheckCbTxBestChainlock requires one pairing on the connecting thread and it takes around ~14% of overall time in main validation thread.

When no newer ChainLock exists at mining time the coinbase repeats the previous block's best chainlock signature with the height offset grown by one: the same height, block hash and signature.
The function already caches the previous block's coinbase chainlock once it verified it.
If any verification could be skipped it impoves sync time

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Re-review — Final validation — Phase 1 + Phase 2

The implementation correctly defers CbTx signature decoding while preserving eager opposite-scheme-to-null behavior, and the carry-over shortcut only reuses entries verified by this process. No blocking correctness or consensus issue remains. One compatibility path lacks direct regression coverage; relevant builds and lint checks passed, while several Linux test jobs were still in progress in the supplied CI snapshot.

🟡 1 suggestion(s)

Review provenance

Source: reviewer 1: muse-spark-1.3-contributor (agent: phase1-reviewer, role: general); reviewer 2: gpt-6.1-sol (agent: phase2-reviewer, role: general); reviewer 3: gpt-6.1-sol (agent: phase2-reviewer, role: dash-core-commit-history); reviewer 4: gpt-6.1-sol (agent: phase2-reviewer, role: general); reviewer 5: gpt-6.1-sol (agent: phase2-reviewer, role: dash-core-commit-history); final verifier: gpt-6.1-sol (agent: sol-verifier, role: final-verifier)

  • Triage: critical by gpt-6.1-sol (effort low) — The change is cross-cutting and modifies consensus-critical coinbase chainlock signature deserialization and verification in src/evo/cbtx.cpp and src/evo/specialtxman.cpp, directly affecting cryptographic validation and block acceptance.
  • Phase 1 reviewers: muse-spark-1.3-contributor — general (completed, effort xhigh); agent phase1-reviewer
  • Phase 1 model: muse-spark-1.3-contributor — not quota-gated; passed over gemini-3.8-flash-high (antigravity quota lookup failed), glm-5.3-flash (not used above high effort; tier asks max)
  • Single stage: Phase 1 and Phase 2 reviewed this head side by side, with no blocker gate between them (triage tier)
  • Fresh final gate: an independent Phase-2 review ran after iterative findings were reconciled
  • Fresh verifier: gpt-6.1-sol — final-verifier; agent sol-verifier
  • Phase 2 reviewers: gpt-6.1-sol — general (completed, effort xhigh); agent phase2-reviewer, gpt-6.1-sol — dash-core-commit-history (completed, effort xhigh); agent phase2-reviewer, gpt-6.1-sol — general (completed, effort xhigh); agent phase2-reviewer, gpt-6.1-sol — dash-core-commit-history (completed, effort xhigh); agent phase2-reviewer
🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
These findings are from an automated code review. Verify each finding against the current code and only fix it if needed.

In `src/test/evo_cbtx_tests.cpp`:
- [SUGGESTION] src/test/evo_cbtx_tests.cpp:89-97: Add regression coverage for opposite-scheme null decoding
  The production fallback in `CheckCbTx` preserves the eager parser's behavior for a signature encoded under the opposite BLS scheme: the eager decoder accepts the bytes, resets the resulting signature to null, and downstream validation then applies the height-difference rules. The test currently covers an active-scheme signature, an all-zero null encoding, and an all-0xff rejection, but does not exercise this compatibility path. Add a case that serializes a signature with the opposite scheme and verifies both that `bestCLHeightDiff == 0` is accepted as null and that a nonzero difference is rejected.

Comment on lines +89 to +97
BOOST_CHECK(CheckCbTx(cbTx, /*pindexPrev=*/nullptr, /*is_v24_active=*/false, tx_state));
std::vector<uint8_t> sig_bytes(CBLSSignature::SerSize, 0xff);
CDataStream(sig_bytes, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION) >> cbTx.bestCLSignature;
BOOST_CHECK(!CheckCbTx(cbTx, /*pindexPrev=*/nullptr, /*is_v24_active=*/false, tx_state));
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(tx_state.GetRejectReason(), "bad-cbtx-payload");
std::fill(sig_bytes.begin(), sig_bytes.end(), 0);
CDataStream(sig_bytes, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION) >> cbTx.bestCLSignature;
TxValidationState null_state;
BOOST_CHECK(CheckCbTx(cbTx, /*pindexPrev=*/nullptr, /*is_v24_active=*/false, null_state));

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🟡 Suggestion: Add regression coverage for opposite-scheme null decoding

The production fallback in CheckCbTx preserves the eager parser's behavior for a signature encoded under the opposite BLS scheme: the eager decoder accepts the bytes, resets the resulting signature to null, and downstream validation then applies the height-difference rules. The test currently covers an active-scheme signature, an all-zero null encoding, and an all-0xff rejection, but does not exercise this compatibility path. Add a case that serializes a signature with the opposite scheme and verifies both that bestCLHeightDiff == 0 is accepted as null and that a nonzero difference is rejected.

source: gpt-6.1-sol (phase2-reviewer: general)

@thepastaclaw thepastaclaw added the pastaclaw:commented thepastaclaw's latest review was comment-only label Oct 26, 2026
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