diff --git a/runtime/src/lib.rs b/runtime/src/lib.rs
index 4fa62e5..94a2799 100644
--- a/runtime/src/lib.rs
+++ b/runtime/src/lib.rs
@@ -497,11 +497,14 @@ mod async_ {
             ReturnStyle::Result => vec![result],
         };
 
-        let mut call = MyCall::new(results);
-        func.call_task_return(&mut call);
+        // `task.return` traps while any borrow lent to this task is still
+        // outstanding, so drop them first.
         if borrows != 0 {
             release_borrows(py, *unsafe { Box::from_raw(borrows as *mut Vec<Borrow>) });
         }
+
+        let mut call = MyCall::new(results);
+        func.call_task_return(&mut call);
     }
 
     #[pyo3::pyfunction]
diff --git a/src/test/python_source/app.py b/src/test/python_source/app.py
index 6d4a74f..7161873 100644
--- a/src/test/python_source/app.py
+++ b/src/test/python_source/app.py
@@ -253,6 +253,9 @@ class Tests(tests.WorldExports):
     def test_resource_borrow_import(self, v: int) -> int:
         return resource_borrow_import.foo(resource_borrow_import.Thing(v + 1)) + 4
 
+    async def test_resource_borrow_import_async(self, t: resource_borrow_import.Thing) -> int:
+        return resource_borrow_import.foo(t) + 4
+
     def test_resource_alias(self, things: List[imports.resource_alias1.Thing]) -> List[imports.resource_alias1.Thing]:
         return things
 
diff --git a/src/test/tests.rs b/src/test/tests.rs
index 6929fa2..09aefd0 100644
--- a/src/test/tests.rs
+++ b/src/test/tests.rs
@@ -384,6 +384,31 @@ fn resource_borrow_import() -> Result<()> {
     })
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn resource_borrow_import_async_export() -> Result<()> {
+    // An async export that is lent a borrow of an imported resource must release
+    // it before `task.return`, or the host traps with "borrow handles still
+    // remain at the end of the call".
+    TESTER.test(|world, store, runtime| {
+        runtime.block_on(async {
+            let thing = store.data_mut().ctx().table.push(ThingU32(42))?;
+
+            assert_eq!(
+                42 + 3 + 4,
+                store
+                    .run_concurrent(async |store| {
+                        world
+                            .call_test_resource_borrow_import_async(store, thing)
+                            .await
+                    })
+                    .await??
+            );
+
+            Ok(())
+        })
+    })
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn resource_borrow_export() -> Result<()> {
     TESTER.test(|world, store, runtime| {
diff --git a/src/test/wit/tests.wit b/src/test/wit/tests.wit
index cfe233f..0ef3070 100644
--- a/src/test/wit/tests.wit
+++ b/src/test/wit/tests.wit
@@ -186,6 +186,7 @@ interface empty-resource {
 world tests {
   use resource-alias1.{thing};
   use resource-floats.{float};
+  use resource-borrow-import.{thing as imported-thing};
 
   export simple-export;
   import simple-import-and-export;
@@ -230,6 +231,8 @@ world tests {
 
   export test-resource-borrow-import: func(v: u32) -> u32;
 
+  export test-resource-borrow-import-async: async func(t: borrow<imported-thing>) -> u32;
+
   export test-resource-alias: func(things: list<thing>) -> list<thing>;
 
   export add: func(a: borrow<float>, b: borrow<float>) -> own<float>;